ATI TEAS Guide To Science | DNA, RNA, & Genetics Question Review
ATI TEAS Science DNA and RNA
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Quiz for ATI TEAS SCIENCE REVIEW SERIES
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Question 1 of 8
1. Question
Which of the following lists the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?
Correct
When RNA transcribes a codon from DNA during transcription, thymine is replaced with uracil. Thymine is less prone to mutation, which makes it a good storage vehicle for DNA. Uracil is more flexible, which makes it more suited to its temporary role in RNA. The other three nitrogenous bases, adenine, guanine, and cytosine, are used in both DNA and RNA.
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When RNA transcribes a codon from DNA during transcription, thymine is replaced with uracil. Thymine is less prone to mutation, which makes it a good storage vehicle for DNA. Uracil is more flexible, which makes it more suited to its temporary role in RNA. The other three nitrogenous bases, adenine, guanine, and cytosine, are used in both DNA and RNA.
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Question 2 of 8
2. Question
DNA is composed of which of the following substances?
Correct
Understanding the role of DNA is important in answering questions about it. DNA stores the genetic information necessary to create living matter and beings. Choices B, C, and D are all created by DNA and RNA. DNA itself is composed of nucleotides.
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Understanding the role of DNA is important in answering questions about it. DNA stores the genetic information necessary to create living matter and beings. Choices B, C, and D are all created by DNA and RNA. DNA itself is composed of nucleotides.
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Question 3 of 8
3. Question
During which of the following processes is tRNA active?
Correct
Transfer RNA, called tRNA, is needed during translation. It recognizes the specific codon in mRNA needed to create a specific amino acid. There are 64 different possible codons and 20 amino acids, so only the appropriate tRNA will unlock the code and create proteins.
Incorrect
Transfer RNA, called tRNA, is needed during translation. It recognizes the specific codon in mRNA needed to create a specific amino acid. There are 64 different possible codons and 20 amino acids, so only the appropriate tRNA will unlock the code and create proteins.
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Question 4 of 8
4. Question
Amino acids are the building blocks of which of the following?
Correct
Proteins are the engines of cellular, and thus life, function. In the form of enzymes, they manage the cell’s metabolic processes. DNA and RNA, through transcription and translation, build the amino acids necessary to create proteins. Without proteins, the other aspects of living material–blood, neurons, and cell walls–would not exist.
Incorrect
Proteins are the engines of cellular, and thus life, function. In the form of enzymes, they manage the cell’s metabolic processes. DNA and RNA, through transcription and translation, build the amino acids necessary to create proteins. Without proteins, the other aspects of living material–blood, neurons, and cell walls–would not exist.
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Question 5 of 8
5. Question
DNA uses hydrogen bonds to hold the purines and pyrimidines together. How many hydrogen bonds are there between cytosine and guanine?
Correct
There are only a certain number of possibilities of base pairs due to the unique nature of the hydrogen bonds that hold them together. Cytosine bonds with guanine using three hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine require only two hydrogen bonds, as do adenine and uracil in RNA.
Incorrect
There are only a certain number of possibilities of base pairs due to the unique nature of the hydrogen bonds that hold them together. Cytosine bonds with guanine using three hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine require only two hydrogen bonds, as do adenine and uracil in RNA.
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Question 6 of 8
6. Question
Purines and pyrimidines are nitrogenous bases that allow DNA to form into its double helix shape via hydrogen bonding.
Which of the following are the complementary base pairs that form DNA?
Correct
Base pairs combine in only a few ways because of the unique nature of the hydrogen bonds that hold them together. Cytosine bonds with guanine using three hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine require only two hydrogen bonds as do adenine and uracil in RNA. These base pairs are typically written using their letter symbols, G-C and A-T.
Incorrect
Base pairs combine in only a few ways because of the unique nature of the hydrogen bonds that hold them together. Cytosine bonds with guanine using three hydrogen bonds. Adenine and thymine require only two hydrogen bonds as do adenine and uracil in RNA. These base pairs are typically written using their letter symbols, G-C and A-T.
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Question 7 of 8
7. Question
Which of the following is used during the transcription phase of protein synthesis?
Correct
Messenger RNA, called mRNA, is created during transcription. Its function is to carry the genetic code to the ribosomes for protein formation. It holds the genetic information in three base pair sequences, called codons.
Incorrect
Messenger RNA, called mRNA, is created during transcription. Its function is to carry the genetic code to the ribosomes for protein formation. It holds the genetic information in three base pair sequences, called codons.
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Question 8 of 8
8. Question
Which of the following is inherited only from the mother?
Correct
Mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother in almost all organism that reproduce through sexual reproduction. Sperm cells contain mitochondrial DNA, but the egg cell’s processes destroy it.
Incorrect
Mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother in almost all organism that reproduce through sexual reproduction. Sperm cells contain mitochondrial DNA, but the egg cell’s processes destroy it.