Hypotonic Solutions | Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX & Nursing School Exams Like A Boss

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Hypotonic Solutions – Notes

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HYPOTONIC SOLUTIONS NCLEX QUIZ QUESTIONS

Question 1: What type of fluid has a lower osmolarity to blood causing fluid shifting inside the cell?

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. Diffusion

 

Question 2: Which of the following is not a hypotonic fluid?

1. 45% Normal Saline
2. 5% Dextrose in Water
3. 3% Saline
4. Sterile Water

 

Question 3: What solution is isotonic while in the bag but after administration becomes hypotonic when one of its components gets metabolized?

1. Lactated Ringers
2. D5W
3. 3% Saline
4. D5LR

 

Question 4: Which patient below would NOT be a candidate for hypotonic solution?

1. Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
2. Patient with Hypernatremia
3. Patient with increased intracranial pressure
4. Patient with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia

 

Question 5: Which condition could lead to cell lysis if not monitored?

1. Hypertonicity
2. Hypotonicity
3. Isotonicity

 

Question 6: ________ fluids remove water from intravascular spaces into the intracellular space.

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Diffusion
4. Isotonic

 

Question 7: Hypotonic solutions cause fluids to shift from the intracellular space to the intravascular space?

1. True
2. False

 

Question 8: Hypotonic solutions would be indicated for all of the following except:

1. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
2. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome
3. Hypovolemia
4. Hypernatremia

 

Question 9: A patient is receiving D5W IV at 100 mL/hr. What effects does the solution have on the intravascular space?

1. Dextrose is metabolized and water dilutes the blood
2. Dextrose is metabolized and water concentrates the blood
3. Concentrates the blood as water is hypertonic
4. Does nothing because D5W is an isotonic solution

 

Question 10: Tonicity is the measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient; the water potential of two solutions separated by a semipermeable cell membrane.

1. True
2. False

 

HYPOTONIC SOLUTIONS NCLEX QUIZ ANSWERS

Question 1: What type of fluid has a lower osmolarity to blood causing fluid shifting inside the cell?

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. Diffusion

Hypotonic solution concentration has a lower osmolarity to blood. Osmotic pressure inside the cells is higher than the osmotic pressure outside the cells. The cells take in water in an attempt to equalize the osmotic pressure causing them to swell and burst.

 

Question 2: Which of the following is not a hypotonic fluid?

1. 45% Normal Saline
2. 5% Dextrose in Water
3. 3% Saline
4. Sterile Water

All solutions are hypotonic except for 3% Saline. 3% Saline is hypertonic and has an osmolarity of 1,030 mOsm/L.

 

Question 3: What solution is isotonic while in the bag but after administration becomes hypotonic when one of its components gets metabolized?

1. Lactated Ringers
2. D5W
3. 3% Saline
4. D5LR

D5W is categorized as an isotonic solution while in the bag. Once it is administered, the dextrose is metabolized and the fluid left is categorized as hypotonic.

 

Question 4: Which patient below would NOT be a candidate for hypotonic solution?

1. Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
2. Patient with Hypernatremia
3. Patient with increased intracranial pressure
4. Patient with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia

Hypotonic solutions are contraindicated for hypovolemic, burns, and increased intracranial pressure patients. Providing hypotonic solutions for increased intracranial pressure patients would cause an increase in swelling leading to an increase risk for seizures.

 

Question 5: Which condition could lead to cell lysis if not monitored?

1. Hypertonicity
2. Hypotonicity
3. Isotonicity

Hypotonicity causes fluid shifting into cell spaces causing the cells to burst if not monitored correctly.

 

Question 6: ________ fluids remove water from intravascular spaces into the intracellular space.

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Diffusion
4. Isotonic

Osmotic pressure inside the cells is higher than the osmotic pressure outside the cells. The cells take in water in an attempt to equalize the osmotic pressure causing them to swell and burst.

 

Question 7: Hypotonic solutions cause fluids to shift from the intracellular space to the intravascular space?

1. True
2. False

Hypotonic solution concentration has a lower osmolarity to blood. Osmotic pressure inside the cells is higher than the osmotic pressure outside the cells. The cells take in water in an attempt to equalize the osmotic pressure causing them to swell and burst.

 

Question 8: Hypotonic solutions would be indicated for all of the following except:

1. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
2. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome
3. Hypovolemia
4. Hypernatremia

Hypotonic solutions are indicated for DKA, HHNS, Hypernatremia and cellular dehydration. Isotonic Solutions are indicated for hypovolemic patients.

 

Question 9: A patient is receiving D5W IV at 100 mL/hr. What effects does the solution have on the intravascular space?

1. Dextrose is metabolized and water dilutes the blood
2. Dextrose is metabolized and water concentrates the blood
3. Concentrates the blood as water is hypertonic
4. Does nothing because D5W is an isotonic solution

D5W is isotonic in the bag but becomes hypotonic once it enters the intravascular space. Dextrose is metabolized quickly for its sugar content and water is left to dilute the intravascular space.

 

Question 10: Tonicity is the measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient; the water potential of two solutions separated by a semipermeable cell membrane.

1. True
2. False