Hypertonic Solution | Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX & Nursing School Exams Like A Boss

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Hypertonic Solutions – Notes

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HYPERTONIC SOLUTIONS NCLEX QUIZ QUESTIONS

Question 1: What type of fluid has a higher osmolarity to blood causing fluid shifting out of the cell?

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. Diffusion

 

Question 2: Which of the following is not a hypertonic fluid?

1. 3% Saline
2. 10% Dextrose in Water (D10W)
3. 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s
4. D5W

 

Question 3: What type of fluid would a patient with severe hyponatremia most likely be started on?

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. Sterile Water

 

Question 4: When providing a hypertonic solution to your patient, the nurse should monitor for what complication?

1. Pulmonary edema
2. Fluid volume deficit
3. Increasing lactate levels
4. Increasing potassium levels

 

Question 5: You are caring for a patient with cerebral edema. What fluid option would most likely be ordered for your patient?

1. 3% Saline
2. Lactated Ringers
3. D5W
4. 9% Normal Saline

 

Question 6: ____________ solutions cause cellular dehydration and shift fluid from the intracellular space to extracellular space.

1. Hypotonic
2. Diffusion
3. Isotonic
4. Hypertonic

 

Question 7: Hypertonic solutions cause fluids to shift from the intracellular space to the intravascular space?

1. True
2. False

 

Question 8: John Smith is admitted to the PCU and is currently receiving hypertonic fluids. Nursing management includes monitoring for all of the following except:

1. Water intoxication
2. Fluid volume overload
3. Cellular dehydration
4. Shrinking of cells

HYPERTONIC SOLUTIONS NCLEX QUIZ ANSWERS

Question 1: What type of fluid has a higher osmolarity to blood causing fluid shifting out of the cell?

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. Diffusion

Hypertonic solutions have an osmolarity higher than blood. Osmotic pressure outside the cells is higher than the osmotic pressure inside the cell. The water inside the cell moves out in an attempt to equalize the osmotic pressure, causing them to shrink and shrivel.

 

Question 2: Which of the following is not a hypertonic fluid?

1. 3% Saline
2. 10% Dextrose in Water (D10W)
3. 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s
4. D5W

D5W is isotonic while it’s in the bag and becomes hypotonic once it enters the body. Once D5W enters the bloodstream, the dextrose gets used up as energy by the body and the water is left.

 

Question 3: What type of fluid would a patient with severe hyponatremia most likely be started on?

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. Sterile Water

Hypertonic solutions are used for severely hyponatremic patients with sodium levels less than 120.

 

Question 4: When providing a hypertonic solution to your patient, the nurse should monitor for what complication?

1. Pulmonary edema
2. Fluid volume deficit
3. Increasing lactate levels
4. Increasing potassium levels

Hypertonic solutions can cause fluid shifting into the intravascular space. This increases the risk of fluid volume overload throughout the body.  

 

Question 5: You are caring for a patient with cerebral edema. What fluid option would most likely be ordered for your patient?

1. 3% Saline
2. Lactated Ringers
3. D5W
4. 9% Normal Saline

Hypertonic solutions such as 3% Saline help decrease brain swelling. Hypertonic solutions remove water from brain cells into the intravascular system.   

 

Question 6: ____________ solutions cause cellular dehydration and shift fluid from the intracellular space to extracellular space.

1. Hypotonic
2. Diffusion
3. Isotonic
4. Hypertonic

Hypertonic solutions cause fluid shifting into the intravascular/extracellular space.

 

Question 7: Hypertonic solutions cause fluids to shift from the intracellular space to the intravascular space?

1. True
2. False

Hypertonic solutions have an osmolarity higher than blood. Osmotic pressure outside the cells is higher than the osmotic pressure inside the cell. The water inside the cell moves out in an attempt to equalize the osmotic pressure, causing them to shrink and shrivel.

 

Question 8: John Smith is admitted to the PCU and is currently receiving hypertonic fluids. Nursing management includes monitoring for all of the following except:

1. Water intoxication
2. Fluid volume overload
3. Cellular dehydration
4. Shrinking of cells

Water intoxication is a complication associated with hypotonic solution administration. Other choices are hypertonic fluid administration complications.