Fluid Movement | Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX & Nursing School Exams Like A Boss

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Fluid Movement – Notes

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FLUID MOVEMENT NCLEX QUIZ QUESTIONS

Question 1: Body fluids perform which of the following functions?

1. Transport nutrients
2. Transport electrical charges
3. Cushion the organs
4. Facilitate fat metabolism

 

Question 2: Diffusion of water from one solution of water through a semipermeable membrane to another solution containing a lower concentration of water is called ___________.

1. Filtration
2. Osmosis
3. Diffusion
4. Facilitated diffusion

 

Question 3: The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. On assessment, the nurse notes the patient is dyspneic, and crackles are audible on auscultation. What additional clinical presentations would the nurse expect to find in this patient with fluid volume excess?

1. Weight loss and dry skin
2. Weakness and decreased central venous pressure
3. Flat neck veins and decreased urinary output
4. Increase in blood pressure and respirations

 

Question 4: A solute is ____________

1. Substance that gets dissolved
2. Substance that dissolves a material
3. Water that dissolves a material

 

Question 5: What fluid causes shifts from fluid in the intravascular space to inside the intracellular space?

1. Isotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Hypotonic

 

Question 6: What type of fluid causes fluid shifts among compartment?

1. Whole blood
2. Ensure nutrition
3. Albumin
4. TPN

 

Question 7: The majority of the body’s water is contained in which of the following fluid compartments?

1. Intracellular
2. Interstitial
3. Intravascular
4. Extracellular

 

Question 8: The preceptor is teaching the nursing student about diffusion of particles into the kidney. Diffusion is _____________.

1. Movement of water across a concentration gradient
2. Movement of salts and waste products across a concentration gradient using protein carriers
3. Movement of salts and wastes across a concentration gradient using ATP
4. Movement of salts and wastes products across a concentration gradient

 

Question 9: Isotonic solutions cause which of the following fluid shifts?

1. Isotonic solutions prevent blood components from shrinking or swelling by osmosis
2. Isotonic solutions cause blood components to swell and break if not given carefully
3. Isotonic solutions cause blood components to shrink and die if not given carefully

 

Question 10: If a chicken egg with a dissolved shell is placed in pure water for 48 hours. What will happen?

1. Water will move in and out of the cell equally causing the cell to neither shrink nor swell
2. The egg will lose water and shrink
3. The egg will gain water and swell

 

 

FLUID MOVEMENT NCLEX QUIZ ANSWERS

Question 1: Body fluids perform which of the following functions?

1. Transport nutrients
2. Transport electrical charges
3. Cushion the organs
4. Facilitate fat metabolism

Body fluids facilitate the transport of nutrients, hormones, proteins, and other molecules.

 

Question 2: Diffusion of water from one solution of water through a semipermeable membrane to another solution containing a lower concentration of water is called ___________.

1. Filtration
2. Osmosis
3. Diffusion
4. Facilitated diffusion

Osmosis is defined as the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane to a solution with a lower concentration of water.

 

Question 3: The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. On assessment, the nurse notes the patient is dyspneic, and crackles are audible on auscultation. What additional clinical presentations would the nurse expect to find in this patient with fluid volume excess?

1. Weight loss and dry skin
2. Weakness and decreased central venous pressure
3. Flat neck veins and decreased urinary output
4. Increase in blood pressure and respirations

Fluid shifts and excess is known as overhydration and fluid overload. This occurs when fluid take and fluid retention exceeds the fluid needs of the body. Heart failure patients present with dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, and distended neck veins.

 

Question 4: A solute is ____________

1. Substance that gets dissolved
2. Substance that dissolves a material
3. Water that dissolves a material

Solutes are substances that get dissolved by a solvent in a solution. Solvents are the substance that dissolves the solute. Solutes are materials present in smaller amounts in a solution such as electrolytes, sugars, salts, and nutrients.

 

Question 5: What fluid causes shifts from fluid in the intravascular space to inside the intracellular space?

1. Isotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Hypotonic

Hypotonic fluids osmotic pressure is less than the body causing fluid to be pulled into the cells making them swollen and expand. Hypertonic fluids osmotic pressure is greater than the body causing fluid to be pulled out of the cell making them skinny and shrink. Isotonic fluids do not cause fluid shifts due to having the same osmolality of blood.

 

Question 6: What type of fluid causes fluid shifts among compartment?

1. Whole blood
2. Ensure nutrition
3. Albumin
4. TPN

Albumin is a colloid that is used to cause fluid shifts among compartments. Albumin is a protein and where protein goes so does fluid. Whole blood is used to replace blood volume. TPN is used for patients who are unable to intake nutrition. Ensure is a high caloric nutritional supplement that does not cause fluid shifts.

 

Question 7: The majority of the body’s water is contained in which of the following fluid compartments?

1. Intracellular
2. Interstitial
3. Intravascular
4. Extracellular

The intracellular compartment holds two-thirds of total body water. The extracellular compartment is the interstitial space plus the intravascular space. The extracellular compartment accounts for one-third of total body water.

 

Question 8: The preceptor is teaching the nursing student about diffusion of particles into the kidney. Diffusion is _____________.

1. Movement of water across a concentration gradient
2. Movement of salts and waste products across a concentration gradient using protein carriers
3. Movement of salts and wastes across a concentration gradient using ATP
4. Movement of salts and wastes products across a concentration gradient

Diffusion is the movement of substances across a concentration gradient. The kidneys help get rid of waste and salts from the blood.

 

Question 9: Isotonic solutions cause which of the following fluid shifts?

1. Isotonic solutions prevent blood components from shrinking or swelling by osmosis
2. Isotonic solutions cause blood components to swell and break if not given carefully
3. Isotonic solutions cause blood components to shrink and die if not given carefully

Isotonic solutions have the same concentration gradient as blood components. Isotonic solutions will not cause fluid shifting in the cells.

 

Question 10: If a chicken egg with a dissolved shell is placed in pure water for 48 hours. What will happen?

1. Water will move in and out of the cell equally causing the cell to neither shrink nor swell
2. The egg will lose water and shrink
3. The egg will gain water and swell

Water is hypotonic causing fluid to shift inside the cell.