Isotonic Solutions | Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX & Nursing School Exams Like A Boss

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Isotonic Solutions – Notes

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ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS NCLEX QUIZ QUESTIONS


Question 1: What type of fluid has the same concentration as blood and causes no fluid shifting inside or outside of the cell?


    

  1. Hypotonic
    2. 

  2. Hypertonic
    3. 

  3. Isotonic
    4. 

  4. Diffusion
    5. 



 


Question 2: Which of the following is not a isotonic fluid?


    

  1. Sterile Water
    2. 

  2. 9% Normal Saline
    3. 

  3. Lactated Ringers
    4. 

  4. Colloids
    5. 



 


Question 3: Isotonic solutions cause fluids to shift from the intracellular space to the intravascular space?


    

  1. True
    2. 

  2. False
    3. 



 


Question 4: You receive a patient from the ED who is severely dehydrated due to vomiting. Which fluid order do you expect to receive from the provider?


    

  1. 9% Normal Saline
    2. 

  2. 3% Saline
    3. 

  3. D5LR
    4. 

  4. 45% Normal Saline
    5. 



 


Question 5: The provider orders isotonic fluids for your actively vomiting patient. Which of the following fluids is not isotonic?


    

  1. 9% Normal Saline
    2. 

  2. Lactated Ringers
    3. 

  3. 33% Normal Saline
    4. 

  4. Colloids
    5. 



 


Question 6: The nurse is caring for a patient receiving isotonic solutions via intravenous access. Which of the following would indicate the patient is experiencing fluid volume overload secondary to intravenous fluids? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY


    

  1. Nausea and vomiting
    2. 

  2. Dyspnea
    3. 

  3. Hypertension
    4. 

  4. Tachycardia
    5. 

  5. Decreased urinary output
    6. 



 


Question 7: A provider placed an order for one bolus of a colloid solution. Which of the following is a colloid solution?


    

  1. 9% Normal Saline
    2. 

  2. 3% Saline
    3. 

  3. Albumin
    4. 

  4. 45% Normal Saline
    5. 



 


Question 8: Patients receiving prolonged infusions of isotonic solutions are at risk for which of the following?


    

  1. Fluid Volume Deficit
    2. 

  2. Fluid Volume Overload
    3. 

  3. Respiratory Acidosis
    4. 

  4. Cellular Dehydration
    5. 



 


Question 9: A 75-year-old male patient is hospitalized for acute renal failure. Upon admission to the PCU, the nurse notes a reduction in urine output to 10 mL/hr despite interventions. The patient received Lasix 40 mg IV and 0.9% normal saline two hours prior to arrival. What complication are you likely to see?


    

  1. Decreasing BUN and creatinine levels
    2. 

  2. Pulmonary Edema
    3. 

  3. Headache
    4. 

  4. Bradycardia
    5. 



 


Question 10: Which of the following is not a contraindication for isotonic solution administration?


    

  1. Metabolic Alkalosis
    2. 

  2. Heart Failure
    3. 

  3. Hypertension
    4. 

  4. Dehydration
    5. 



 









 


ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS NCLEX QUIZ ANSWERS


Question 1: What type of fluid has the same concentration as blood and causes no fluid shifting inside or outside of the cell?


    

  1. Hypotonic
    2. 

  2. Hypertonic
    3. 

  3. Isotonic
    4. 

  4. Diffusion
    5. 



Isotonic solutions concentration has a similar osmolality to blood. Both blood and isotonic solutions have equal osmotic pressure causing no fluid shifts.  


 


Question 2: Which of the following is not a isotonic fluid?


    

  1. Sterile Water
    2. 

  2. 9% Normal Saline
    3. 

  3. Lactated Ringers
    4. 

  4. Colloids
    5. 



All solutions are isotonic except for sterile water. Sterile water has an osmolarity of 0 mOsm/L.


 


Question 3: Isotonic solutions cause fluids to shift from the intracellular space to the intravascular space?


    

  1. True
    2. 

  2. False
    3. 



Isotonic solutions concentration has a similar osmolality to blood. Both blood and isotonic solutions have equal osmotic pressure causing no fluid shifts.  


 


Question 4: You receive a patient from the ED who is severely dehydrated due to vomiting. Which fluid order do you expect to receive from the provider?


    

  1. 9% Normal Saline
    2. 

  2. 3% Saline
    3. 

  3. D5LR
    4. 

  4. 45% Normal Saline
    5. 



Isotonic solutions like 0.9% Normal Saline increase intravascular volume for dehydration, fluid resuscitation, vomiting, diarrhea, and helps maintain hydration.   


 


Question 5: The provider orders isotonic fluids for your actively vomiting patient. Which of the following fluids is not isotonic?


    

  1. 9% Normal Saline
    2. 

  2. Lactated Ringers
    3. 

  3. 33% Normal Saline
    4. 

  4. Colloids
    5. 



Examples of isotonic solutions are 0.9% Normal Saline, Lactated Ringers, D5W in the bag, and Colloids. 0.33% Normal Saline is a hypotonic solution.


 


Question 6: The nurse is caring for a patient receiving isotonic solutions via intravenous access. Which of the following would indicate the patient is experiencing fluid volume overload secondary to intravenous fluids? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY


    

  1. Nausea and vomiting
    2. 

  2. Dyspnea
    3. 

  3. Hypertension
    4. 

  4. Tachycardia
    5. 

  5. Decreased urinary output
    6. 



Clinical presentation of fluid volume overload includes dyspnea, tachycardia, hypertension, pulmonary edema, crackles, and distended jugular veins.


 


Question 7: A provider placed an order for one bolus of a colloid solution. Which of the following is a colloid solution?


    

  1. 9% Normal Saline
    2. 

  2. 3% Saline
    3. 

  3. Albumin
    4. 

  4. 45% Normal Saline
    5. 



Colloid solutions help expand volume in the intravascular spaces. These solutions stay within the circulatory system and do not cross capillary membranes. Colloids are effective for severe bleeding and dehydration especially in post-surgical patients.


 


Question 8: Patients receiving prolonged infusions of isotonic solutions are at risk for which of the following?


    

  1. Fluid Volume Deficit
    2. 

  2. Fluid Volume Overload
    3. 

  3. Respiratory Acidosis
    4. 

  4. Cellular Dehydration
    5. 



Patients are at risk for fluid volume overload with prolonged administration of isotonic solutions.


 


Question 9: A 75-year-old male patient is hospitalized for acute renal failure. Upon admission to the PCU, the nurse notes a reduction in urine output to 10 mL/hr despite interventions. The patient received Lasix 40 mg IV and 0.9% normal saline two hours prior to arrival. What complication are you likely to see?


    

  1. Decreasing BUN and creatinine levels
    2. 

  2. Pulmonary Edema
    3. 

  3. Headache
    4. 

  4. Bradycardia
    5. 



Normal urine output is 30 mL/hr or 0.5mL/kg/hr. A patient with a urinary output less than 30 mL/hr is at an increased risk for fluid volume overload.


 


Question 10: Which of the following is not a contraindication for isotonic solution administration?


    

  1. Metabolic Alkalosis
    2. 

  2. Heart Failure
    3. 

  3. Hypertension
    4. 

  4. Dehydration
    5. 



Dehydration is an indication for isotonic solutions along with blood loss, fluid resuscitation, fluid loss, and maintenance hydration.